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Publication - Working Paper
Recent developments in climate finance: Implications for Pakistan
The Government of Pakistan (GoP) has ambitious plans for reducing 2030 greenhouse gas emissions to 50% of baseline projected levels. These plans anticipate USD 151 billion of investment just for energy sector mitigation projects by 2040. In the GoP’s view, any 50% reduction below baseline projected emissions should be financed 15% from domestic sources and 35% from...
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Publication - Policy Brief
Inflation in Ethiopia: Supply-side drivers
This brief explores several dimensions of supply-side drivers of food inflation in Ethiopia. Given the persistence of food inflation in macroeconomic analysis, managing inflationary expectations through effective communication of the country’s macroeconomic policy stance and its adjustments is critical. On the supply side, marketable surplus of grain has not kept...
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Publication - Project Report
The path to a successful Pakistan
Despite lackluster economic growth, Pakistan has succeeded in sharply reducing endemic poverty. However, a large share of low income households, engaged in low productivity occupations, lies just above the poverty line. Such households are vulnerable to economic shocks (such as the one associated with COVID-19, sharp energy price increase, food price inflation, health...
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Publication - Policy Brief
Strengthening low-income household support programmes
This policy brief investigates how integrating actions to improve air and water quality and create income earning opportunities for women can improve low-income support programmes.
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Publication - Policy Brief
Increasing productivity in Pakistan through a gender and vulnerability lens
This policy brief examines recommendations to encourage female participation in the labour force in Pakistan.
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Publication - Policy Brief
Prioritising climate action through a health and vulnerability lens
This brief describes a six-point policy agenda to tackle air pollution, focusing on actions that could involve a broader effort to tackle climate change.
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Publication - Working Paper
How to deal with exchange rate risk in infrastructure and other long-lived projects
Currency risk remains a significant deterrent to foreign investment flows to developing and emerging economies, particularly for long-duration infrastructure investments. Given the nature of such long-term investments, that take place in non-tradable sectors for which natural hedge is unlikely, hedging instruments are frequently costly, if at all available. Thus, either the...
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Publication - Project Report
Synthesis on the impact of ICT sector on growth and employment in Ethiopia
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Publication - Policy Brief
ICT investments on productivity: The example of mobile towers in Ethiopia
After experiencing sustained and high economic growth, Ethiopia entered a reform period to realign economic incentives and encourage private sector-driven growth. Investments in the information, communication, and technology (ICT) sector have emerged as one potential engine of future growth and productivity. This includes the construction of mobile towers and giving...
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Publication - Policy Brief
Recovery from the COVID-19 shock and the informal labour market in urban Uganda
We conducted a phone survey of a representative sample of manufacturing firms and their workers in Uganda in Spring 2022, two years after the onset of the pandemic. We find that the second lockdown implemented in Uganda in June- July 2021 resulted in a sharp increase in business closures, but these were largely temporary. However, a sizeable share of firm owners...
Publication - Policy Brief
Responding to imported inflation in Uganda: Distributional impacts and policy options
Inflation is ravaging the world, driven by a combination of post-pandemic supply chain disruptions, a rebound in global demand, and the war in Ukraine. The first round-effects of the global inflation surge in Uganda have occurred via jumps in the prices of seven principal commodities, delivering particularly adverse hits to the incomes of the poor. As a small open...