Carrots or sticks: the impact of incentives and monitoring on the performance of public extension staff

Policy brief Oct 2019 Sustainable Growth and Agricultural policy

Agricultural extension is a key sector in many administrations. Though the need for more and improved agricultural extension service delivery is large, it is a priori unclear how to achieve it.

The Ministry of Agriculture of Punjab, Pakistan was particularly interested in improving the performance of agricultural extension field staff, who are on the front lines of the provision of extension services to farmers.