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Project
Tax evasion in customs: Firm level evidence from Uganda
Developing countries are constrained by a lack of resources to fund growth enhancing public investments. Trade taxes are one important source of tax revenues for almost all of these economies. Uganda is no exception: In fiscal year 2017/18 revenues from import duties (tariffs) alone contributed about 8.5 percent to total tax collection. For this project we propose to...
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Strengthening state capacity and enhancing bureaucratic effectiveness
Developing state capacity is essential for promoting economic growth and development. This does not only involve developing fiscal capacity of the state by improving its resource mobilization techniques but also ensuring that a well-functioning and motivated bureaucracy is in place that can deliver essential services. Over the last decade, a reasonably large literature...
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A synthesis of evidence on take home rations
According to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) in 2015-16, 38.4 percent of children in India under the age of five are stunted, i.e., have impaired growth and development. This rises to 41.2 percent in rural areas, ranking India 134th out of 151 countries. Devoting public resources to reducing micronutrient deficiencies in children is essential for improved health...
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Informal workers and labour market risk during COVID-19 in India
Informal work, such as through casual, temporary, and contract work, is a defining feature of labour markets in many developing countries and more recently in developed countries. India has one of the highest shares of informal work in the world, estimated to be between 75-90 percent of all workers. It typifies the current concerns over informal workers suffering...
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Do farmers’ ability and community networks matter in agricultural adaptation to climate change? A case study of Bihar
The consequences of climate change have led to significant implications for agricultural productivity. Most especially in poorer Indian states such as Bihar, where farmers rely on traditional agricultural practices, have less room-to-maneuver in response to climate uncertainty – and the resulting changes to overall agricultural productivity. Although, mitigation and...
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Food security during pandemic times: Insights and perspectives from rural Bihar
COVID-19 and the government-enforced lockdown has adversely impacted peoples’ livelihoods. The impact of the lockdown is very severe in the rural areas due to closures, restricted farming, and other economic activities. In a poor state like Bihar where nearly 90 percent of the population lives in rural areas and out-migration numbers are extremely high, the flow of...
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Uganda’s energy sector: A fiscal risk
Uganda is a low-income country -- with middle-income ambitions -- that has made the energy sector a cornerstone of its development policy. The country allocates a large share of its public resources on providing a reliably supply of electricity to new businesses and to its citizens. Uganda has used debt to finance hydropower dams, transmission lines, and other large...
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Estimating income losses and consequences of the COVID-19 crisis in Uganda
COVID-19 continues to take its toll on the world and more recently, the African continent. While the continent still accounts for fewer cases or deaths, in cities such as Uganda, the incidence of the disease has risen sharply. Uganda is not new to infectious diseases and has successfully battled outbreaks of Ebola, Marburg and even HIV/AIDS. Whilst COVID-19 has...
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In-kind transfers as insurance
In-kind transfers have historically been an important way in which countries transfer resources to poorer households – the World Bank estimates that 44% of individuals on social safety net programmes around the world receive in-kind transfers. In recent years, however, there has been increasing interest among academics and policymakers in moving toward unconditional cash...
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Using spatial data for targeting the poor: Reaching the most vulnerable
The lockdown of mega cities and the perceived trade-off between lives and livelihoods throws up immense policy challenges. We take up the social protection side of this challenge by constructing a targeting tool that pays attention to economic vulnerabilities, as well as requirements of disease containment. Our proposed tool geo-maps Karachi on the basis of electricity...