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Investor performance and tax incentives
The focus to attract additional private-sector investment, both domestic and foreign, has long been a key priority for the Government of Rwanda, and a critical policy focus for economic development. This has commonly taken the shape of targeted support for priority sectors, such as manufacturing, agro-processing and ICT, and has occurred, in part, through prioritised...
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Political economy of road networks: What happens to a local economy when a new road is built?
The processes that involve the provision of public goods like paved streets, electricity, gas and piped water connections are highly contested and politicised in Pakistan. As a result, differences in the provision of public goods exist across dimensions of class, caste/biraderi, gender and locality. The differential and uneven provision of public goods, not only further...
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Electricity and public goods provision in Karachi, Pakistan
In large parts of the developing world where democracy and democratic institutions such as legislature, courts and civil society are weakly institutionalised, the provision of public goods to the most disenfranchised members of society falls through the cracks. This project focuses on the privatisation of electricity, a public good that at the turn of the millennia is...
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Key policy messages for Pakistan’s new government
Ahead of the upcoming general elections in Pakistan, there is a growing perception that the government administration will be overhauled as the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) forms a new government. In the case that PTI does not form a government, the country team will still be keen to engage with the new government regardless of the party. The primary objective of this...
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Property taxation with flat rate systems in Tanzania
The property tax system that the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) inherited has a low proportion of total properties registered and an even smaller proportion valuated. It uses a valuation method that is regressive, expensive and significantly undervalues properties, and the effective tax rates are minuscule once true property value is taken into account. A flat tax...
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Informal taxation and revenue mobilisation in Myanmar
Taxation is essential to provide governments with the funds needed to deliver the public goods and services necessary for the social and economic development of a country. However, in Myanmar, the levels of formal taxation are among the lowest in the world, according to the IMF. These low levels are the subject of regularly commentary in the public sphere, often accompanied...
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Reviewing Uganda’s 2017 National Export Action Plan
Uganda’s Export Promotion Action Plan prioritises export-oriented growth to attain middle income status by 2020. In April 2017, the Uganda National Planning Authority (NPA) invited the IGC to review the Export Promotion Action Plan. According to the NPA, the IGC’s recommendations informed not only the Export Action Plan, but a number of other policy papers ...
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IGC Public Forum on Galamsey in Ghana
Small-scale illegal mining operations (colloquially known as “galamsey”) are destroying farmlands, forests, and water bodies in Ghana. IGC analysis showis that it would cost approximately $250 million to reclaim lands and water bodies destroyed by galamsey based on its studies in the western region. This event shared findings from IGC Ghana-sponsored work on...
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Evaluation of National Community Driven Development Project (NCDDP) Myanmar
Since January 2013, the Department of Rural Development (DRD) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation (MOALI) has been implementing the National Community Driven Development Project (NCDDP) with support from the World Bank and other development partners (DPs). The objective of the project is to enable poor rural communities to benefit from improved access...
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Could the provision of a microcredit induce electricity uptake? Evidence from a randomised controlled trial in rural Tanzania
The recently adopted United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim at ensuring universal access to electricity by 2030. Consequently, since 2007, the government of Tanzania has devoted significant effort and resources to its rural electrification programme. Under this programme, households need to pay only TZS 27,000 (USD 13) to get connected to grid electricity,...